Paginacija
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The Roles of Epigenetic Modifications in Embryonic and Adult Neurogenesis
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Katarina Vagaja The entire nervous system develops from common neural stem cells (NSCs) that line the neural tube during the first weeks of embryonic development. NSCs are self-renewing, multipotent cells that generate neural progenitor cells by asymmetric division, and which, through a limited number of divisions, differentiate into specialized cells of the nervous system: neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes. Although most neurons are generated before birth, it has been shown that under the influence...
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The cell-specific role of optineurin in TLR4- and ER stress-mediated activation of the NF-κB pathway
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Josip Peradinović Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, which leads to motor neuron death in the brain and the spinal cord. In 2010 the first optineurin mutations were found in the ALS patients, and the initial biochemical analyses in cell lines suggested that optineurin truncation or mutation in the ubiquitin binding region result in exaggerated nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation. Such excessive NF-κB activation and subsequent inflammation were reported to result in...
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The effect of PIKfyve and PI4KIIIβ inhibitors on platelet spreading
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Korina Švorinić Platelets are small anucleated blood cells whose primary role is hemostasis.
Lately, platelets have been associated with other functions like their
involvement in innate immunity, regulation of tumor growth and viral
infection, gaining increasing scientific interest. In addition, molecular
mechanisms that lead to platelet activation and downstream changes are
still not completely understood. After activation, platelets adhere to the
damaged vessel wall or activable surface,...
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The effect of circadian genes and methamphetamine on oxidation state in Drosophila melanogaster
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Laura Fućak Methamphetamine (METH) is a potent psychostimulant that causes relapsing substance addiction. Negative consequences of substance abuse are numerous and challenging to study in humans. Fortunately, effects of addictive drugs can be studied in model organisms, such as Drosophila melanogaster or fruit fly. Fruit flies are ideal for this research because their genome is sequenced and extensively studied. Methamphetamine causes elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and disrupts their...
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The effect of methamphetamine on the redox status of Drosophila melanogaster
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Valentina Dukić Methamphetamine (METH) is a psychostimulant that affects central nervous system by increasing the concentration of the free dopamine, whose oxidation leads to the permanent damage in the structure and function of neurons, as the consequence of the increased production and accumulation of the radical oxygen species (ROS).
By using Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism we have tested impact of an acute dose of volatilized METH (vMETH) on the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), in...
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The effect of phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase inhibition on spreading in human platelets
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Iris Đurić Platelets, although for a long time only associated with the process of hemostasis, are now gaining scientific interest because of their emerging roles in processes like the modulation of the immune system, viral infections and cancer. However, platelets’ signaling network is still not completely understood because of the numerous activatory, inhibitory and negative feedback signals all interconnected in a finely regulated system responsible for platelet function and responsiveness to...
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The effect of preferential methamphetamine consumption on lifespan and behavioral phenotypes of Drosophila melanogaster
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Laura Fućak Addiction is a relapsing disease caused by substance abuse. Methamphetamine and cocaine are potent psychostimulants whose abuse induces numerous negative consequences for the abuser. Studying substance abuse in humans is challenging, however its effects can be analyzed in model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster. Alongside their genetic traceability, fruit flies are extensively researched making them exemplary models for addiction research. Methamphetamine and cocaine disbalance...
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The impact of the Mediterranean diet on depression
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Laura Šlajhert The World Health Organization estimates that 3.8% of the world population is affected by some sort of depressive disorder. Major depressive disorder is diagnosed if a person has depressed mood and/or anhedonia for a long period of time, along with at least four other depressive symptoms such as feelings of guilt or worthlessness, lack of energy, poor concentration, appetite changes, psychomotor retardation or agitation, sleep disturbances, or suicidal thoughts. The Mediterranean diet is a...
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The influence of circadian modulation on the oxidative status in Drosophila melanogaster
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Ana Klasan Circadian rhythm is present in almost all living organisms due to the rotation
of the Earth and regular light and dark changes. Its role is evident in 24
hour modulation of biological processes such as the sleep/wake cycle.
Disrupted circadian rhythm correlates with oxidative stress, which is caused
by increased production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). In this thesis,
we explored the connection between the circadian rhythm and oxidative
state in D. melanogaster. Based on...
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The role of B cells in the pathogenesis and therapy of multiple sclerosis
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Katarina Bulić Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder that targets myelin sheaths in the central nervous system. It is a chronic disorder and although the axonal damage is initially reversible, at later stages it eventually results in neuroaxonal loss. It has a wide range of symptoms including sensory, autonomic nervous system, motoric and cognitive problems. It affects over 2.5 million people in the world, and starts in most patients at 20 to 40 years of age. MS is a multifactorial disease,...
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The role of DTNBP1/dysbindin-1 in schizophrenia
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Ema Belužić Schizophrenia is complex neurological disease that is present in 1% of the general population. It is known as a multifactorial disease because of the simultaneous influence of genetic and environmental factors. Some of the symptoms that are recognized are hallucinations, delusions, loss of energy and motivation and cognitive dysfunctions like working memory dysfunction and dysfunctions in learning. A major problem in treating schizophrenia is its heterogeneity and patients do not respond the...
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The role of integrase in HIV-1 maturation
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Noa Čemeljić Integrase (IN) is one of the most important enzymes in the replication of the HIV-1 virus, as it integrates viral DNA (vDNA) into the genome of the host cells. However, recent studies have suggested a new surprising role of IN in HIV-1 maturation. If IN is inhibited either by mutations or by allosteric integrase inhibitors (ALLINIs), viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (vRNPs) are often eccentrically localized outside of the capsid (CA). Such viral particles are non-infectious and are blocked...
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