Hemophilia is an inherited hemorrhagic disorder that is passed on recessively through the X chromosome and is caused by a deficiency in blood clotting factors, most commonly factor VIII (Hemophilia A) or factor IX (Hemophilia B). The disease is most commonly found in men due to its mode of inheritance, while women can be carriers without showing symptoms. Hemophilia can lead to severe bleeding in the joints, muscles, and internal organs, particularly after injuries or surgeries. The main symptom of hemophilia is prolonged bleeding, which can result in serious health complications such as arthropathy, a chronic condition that can cause disability. Historically, hemophilia has been known as the „royal disease“ due to its prevalence among European royalty. Genetic mutations in the F8 and F9 genes are responsible for different forms of hemophilia. Modern therapeutic approaches include gene therapy, which targets the root cause of the disease, and replacement therapy, which is used to manage symptoms. Research is being conducted to determine whether a specific blood type can influence bleeding in healthy individuals or the severity of hemophilia, which could improve treatment strategies for the disease.