This paper explores the comparison between neural stem cells (NSCs) and glioblastoma (GBM), focusing on the implications for developing new therapeutic approaches. NSCs, which are crucial for brain development and regeneration, possess the ability for self-renewal and differentiation into specialized neuronal and glial cells. These abilities are strictly regulated, enabling the physiological activity of the brain and its restoration after damage. In contrast to NSCs, GBM is a malignant tumor characterized by unrestricted proliferation, invasiveness, and resistance to conventional therapies. GBM utilizes similar mechanisms of self-renewal and differentiation as NSCs but in a dysfunctional manner that contributes to its aggressive nature and capacity to invade surrounding tissues. The work examines various aspects of how GBM maintains its tumor characteristics in laboratory settings, including genetic and epigenetic changes affecting its growth and invasiveness. New therapeutic approaches under investigation to improve the efficacy of GBM treatment will also be discussed. Emphasis is placed on adapting existing therapeutic strategies and developing innovative methods based on understanding the differences between NSCs and GBM. This comparison provides a deeper understanding of the mechanisms contributing to the malignant nature of GBM and offers groundwork for future research and the development of targeted therapies, potentially improving treatment outcomes and prognosis for patients with this challenging form of cancer.