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The Effect of Polysaccharides on Probiotic Bacteria
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Katarina Budić Postoji 1000 do 1150 vrsta bakterija koje sačinjavaju ljudski mikrobiom. Osim bakterija, ljudski organizam nastanjuju i virusi, gljivice, protozoe i arhee. Njihova uloga u tankom i debelom crijevu je metabolizam tvari iz lumena kako bi omogućili apsorpciju hranjivih tvari. Proizvodi koji sadrže ove ne-patogene, komenzalne mikroorganizme nazivaju se probiotici. Sojevi bakterija koji se najčešće upotrebljavaju zbog svog probiotičkog djelovanja su rodovi Lactobacillus i Bifidobacterium...
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The Pathogenicity of Tafazzin Variants and their Implications in Barth Syndrome: A Bioinformatics Analysis
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Irma Markesina Barth syndrome (BTHS) is an X-linked genetic disease characterized by severe cardiovascular defects, skeletal muscle weakness and neutropenia. Defects in the protein tafazzin, which is encoded by the TAZ gene, have been identified to give rise to BTHS through impaired capability of remodeling the mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin (CL). Even though the genetic defects responsible for the disease are known, the links between specific TAZ mutation variants and mechanisms of BTHS...
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The Role of Meloxicam in Proteinuria in Spinal Cord Injury
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Eva Mihelec BACKGROUND: Spinal cord injury (SCI) resulting from trauma to spinal
column leads to changes in organ function above and below the level of
the injury. There are many preclinical animal models of SCI which
recapitulate different forms and degrees of injury occurring in human
population. SCI procedure carried out in preclinical animal models usually
involves some surgical manipulation of spinal cord or vertebral column
and therefore requires analgesic treatment in order to ensure...
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The Roles of Epigenetic Modifications in Embryonic and Adult Neurogenesis
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Katarina Vagaja The entire nervous system develops from common neural stem cells (NSCs) that line the neural tube during the first weeks of embryonic development. NSCs are self-renewing, multipotent cells that generate neural progenitor cells by asymmetric division, and which, through a limited number of divisions, differentiate into specialized cells of the nervous system: neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes. Although most neurons are generated before birth, it has been shown that under the influence...
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The cell-specific role of optineurin in TLR4- and ER stress-mediated activation of the NF-κB pathway
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Josip Peradinović Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, which leads to motor neuron death in the brain and the spinal cord. In 2010 the first optineurin mutations were found in the ALS patients, and the initial biochemical analyses in cell lines suggested that optineurin truncation or mutation in the ubiquitin binding region result in exaggerated nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation. Such excessive NF-κB activation and subsequent inflammation were reported to result in...
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The effect of PIKfyve and PI4KIIIβ inhibitors on platelet spreading
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Korina Švorinić Platelets are small anucleated blood cells whose primary role is hemostasis.
Lately, platelets have been associated with other functions like their
involvement in innate immunity, regulation of tumor growth and viral
infection, gaining increasing scientific interest. In addition, molecular
mechanisms that lead to platelet activation and downstream changes are
still not completely understood. After activation, platelets adhere to the
damaged vessel wall or activable surface,...
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The effect of circadian genes and methamphetamine on oxidation state in Drosophila melanogaster
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Laura Fućak Methamphetamine (METH) is a potent psychostimulant that causes relapsing substance addiction. Negative consequences of substance abuse are numerous and challenging to study in humans. Fortunately, effects of addictive drugs can be studied in model organisms, such as Drosophila melanogaster or fruit fly. Fruit flies are ideal for this research because their genome is sequenced and extensively studied. Methamphetamine causes elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and disrupts their...
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The effect of methamphetamine on the redox status of Drosophila melanogaster
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Valentina Dukić Methamphetamine (METH) is a psychostimulant that affects central nervous system by increasing the concentration of the free dopamine, whose oxidation leads to the permanent damage in the structure and function of neurons, as the consequence of the increased production and accumulation of the radical oxygen species (ROS).
By using Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism we have tested impact of an acute dose of volatilized METH (vMETH) on the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), in...
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The effect of phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase inhibition on spreading in human platelets
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Iris Đurić Platelets, although for a long time only associated with the process of hemostasis, are now gaining scientific interest because of their emerging roles in processes like the modulation of the immune system, viral infections and cancer. However, platelets’ signaling network is still not completely understood because of the numerous activatory, inhibitory and negative feedback signals all interconnected in a finely regulated system responsible for platelet function and responsiveness to...
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The effect of preferential methamphetamine consumption on lifespan and behavioral phenotypes of Drosophila melanogaster
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Laura Fućak Addiction is a relapsing disease caused by substance abuse. Methamphetamine and cocaine are potent psychostimulants whose abuse induces numerous negative consequences for the abuser. Studying substance abuse in humans is challenging, however its effects can be analyzed in model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster. Alongside their genetic traceability, fruit flies are extensively researched making them exemplary models for addiction research. Methamphetamine and cocaine disbalance...
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The frequency of SLCO1B1 c.388A>G and SLCO1B1 c.521T>C polymorphisms in the Croatian population
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Ema Nedeljković Pharmacogenetics plays a critical role in personalizing medicine, particularly in optimizing drug efficacy and minimizing adverse effects. The SLCO1B1 gene, encoding the SLCO1B1 transporter, is important for the hepatic uptake of statins, influencing their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. This study investigates the frequency of SLCO1B1 c.388A>G and SLCO1B1 c.521T>C polymorphisms in the Croatian population. A total of 459 individuals of Croatian descent were genotyped using the...
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The impact of temperature disbalance on CD8+ T cell biology
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Marko Ljesar In normal conditions, body temperature is tightly maintained at approximately 37 oC. However, in case of infection, body temperature can change by increasing or decreasing its value, resulting in fever or regulated hypothermia, respectively. This change in body temperature has a role in the anti-pathogenic response, as well as in the modulation of the immune system. Little is known about how temperature affects immune cells. To investigate how temperature affects CD8+ T cells, we used CD8+ T...
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