Title Određivanje nitrita i nitrata u mesu i mesnim proizvodima
Title (english) Determination of nitrite and nitrate in meat and meat products
Author Filip Domika
Mentor Jelka Pleadin (mentor)
Mentor Mladenka Malenica Staver (mentor)
Committee member Mladenka Malenica Staver (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Nela Malatesti (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Ivana Ratkaj (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Rijeka (Faculty of Biotechnology and Drug Development) Rijeka
Defense date and country 2017-09-13, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES Biotechnology
Abstract Pojavom procesa industrijalizacije i urbanizacije te rasta broja stanovnika javlja se i potreba za povećanom proizvodnjom hrane. Porastom svijesti o zdravoj prehrani velik broj ljudi okreće se hrani prirodnog porijekla koja je, za razliku od većine industrijskih proizvoda, manje tretirana pa je samim time privlačnija opcija. Korištenje dodataka hrani poput aditiva postaje nužno radi očuvanja nutritivne vrijednosti namirnica, poboljšanja njihovih organoleptičnih svojstava te produženja roka trajanja hrane. Najčešće korišteni aditivi poput bojila, antioksidansa, pojačivača okusa i konzervansa prisutni su u gotovo svakom prehrambenom proizvodu, no njihova prisutnost ne označava i smanjenu kvalitetu. Bogatstvo proteina, peptida, masnih kiselina, minerala, vlage i ostalih faktora rasta čine meso i mesne proizvode idealnim za rast mikroorganizama i bakterija te je bez adekvatne pripreme i skladištenja podložno gubitku nutritivnih svojstava i brzom kvarenju.
Konzervansi poput natrijevog nitrita i natrijevog nitrata koriste se u proizvodnji, obradi, pripremi i čuvanju mesnih proizvoda radi održavanja njihovih nutritivnih vrijednosti i postizanja zadovoljavajućeg komercijalnog učinka. S obzirom na prisutnost nitrata u dušičnom ciklusu u prirodi te činjenici da meso, voće, povrće, masti i druga hrana sadrže nitrite i nitrate potrebno je pripaziti na dnevni unos zbog potencijalnih posljedica za zdravlje.
U ovom radu analizirane su koncentracije natrijevog nitrita i nitrata u 59 uzoraka mesa i mesnih proizvoda prikupljenih na području Republike Hrvatske. Uz pomoć metode određivanja nitrita i nitrata putem apsorbancije u području 540 nm (nitriti) i 340 nm (nitrati) izražene su koncentracije te uspoređene s Uredbom Komisije (EU) br. 1129/2011 o izmjeni Priloga II. Uredbe (EU) br. 1333/2008 Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća o popisu EU vezano uz prehrambene aditive. Najveće vrijednosti natrijevog nitrita zabilježene su u skupini toplinski obrađenih kobasica (82 mg/kg) dok su najveće razine natrijevog nitrata zabilježene u skupini trajnih kobasica (241 mg/kg). Analizom je primijećeno da samo jedan uzorak ima nezamjetno veću razinu natrijevog nitrita od zakonom propisane, no može se smatrati sukladnim zakonodavstvu kada se u obzir uzme mjerna nesigurnost primjenjene analitičke metode.
Abstract (english) With the emersion of processes of industrialization and urbanization along with the increase in population size, rises the need for increased food production. With increased awareness of healthy dieting a large number of people turns to natural food which opposed to most industrial products is less treated so that makes it an alluring option. The use of food supplements, e.g. additives, becomes necessary to preserve nutritional value in food, enhance its organoleptic properties and prolong expiration date. Most commonly used additives such as food dyes, antioxidants, flavour enhancers and preservatives are present in almost every foodstuff but their presence doesn’t signify lower quality of food itself. Abundance of protein, peptides, fatty acids, minerals, moisture and other growth factors make meat and meat products an ideal medium to promote microorganism and bacterial growth. Without proper preparation and storage meat is very susceptible to losing its nutritional value and spoilage.
Preservatives such as sodium nitrite and sodium nitrate are commonly used in production, processing and preserving meat products as to keep its nutritional value and achieving satisfactory commercial impact. Considering the presence of nitrates in nature’s nitrogen cycle and the fact that meat, fruits, vegetables, fat and other food contain nitrates and nitrites it’s necessary to pay attention to daily intake to prevent potential health consequences.
In this study concentrations of sodium nitrite and nitrate were analysed in 59 samples of meat and meat products collected in Republic of Croatia. Using the assessment method for nitrites and nitrates the concentrations were callculated from absorbance at 540 nm (nitrites) and 340 nm (nitrates) wavelength and compared with the Croatian regulations for maximum levels of food additives. The highest cooncentrations of sodium nitrite were found in heat treated sausages (82 mg/kg) while the highest levels of sodium nitrate were found in dry-cured sausages (241 mg/kg). During the analysis it was noted that only one sample had a negligibly higher concentration of sodium nitrite than it is allowed by the regulations but can be considered as compliant to legislation when taking into account the measurement uncertainty of the applied analytical method.
Keywords
aditivi
meso i mesni proizvodi
natrijev nitrit
natrijev nitrat
Keywords (english)
additives
meat and meat products
sodium nitrite
sodium nitrate
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:193:740927
Study programme Title: Biotechnology in medicine Study programme type: university Study level: graduate Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra biotehnologije u medicini (magistar/magistra biotehnologije u medicini)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
Terms of use
Created on 2017-11-03 11:52:17