Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common synucleinopathy and the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Its incidence usually increases with age and, due to extended lifespan and increased share of older population, it is estimated that almost 13 million people in the world will suffer from PD by 2040. These facts lead to a concern and need to find effective drugs that potentially cure the disease. PD is defined as progressive disorder in which comes to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and afterwards is widespread in all parts of the brain. This neurodegeneration is recognized by stiffness, tremor and bradykinesia, but also by cognitive symptoms such as dementia, autonomic dysfunction, mood and sleep disorders. The biggest problem is that developing PD is not an outcome of a single factor. As for now, PD-linked missense mutations are identified on at least 20 genes. With genetic modifications, there are also environmental factors that were correlated with either increasing or decreasing the risk of PD. As synucleinopathy, PD is mainly characterised by the aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) that forms Lewy bodies (LB) and Lewy neurites (LN). Since it is localized in presynaptic terminals, it has been suggested that α-syn has a major role in regulating synaptic vesicle release. However, under pathophysiological conditions, it starts to aggregate into neurotoxic oligomers and fibrils that disrupt many functions on extracellular and intracellular level. Current therapy does not have possibility to modify the disease, but it manages symptoms and improves patient’s quality of life. Levodopa is the most prescribed drug for PD patients because it converts to dopamine and increases its uptake. However, when its concentration in the plasma decreases, patient experiences a phenomenon called “wearing-off”. Thereby, alternatives such as dopamine agonists, monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors were introduced to the market, but none of them showed better performance than levodopa. There are also surgical procedures which improve levodopa phenomenon, although there is a greater risk of adverse side effects, complications during the procedure or even death. However, deep brain stimulation (DBS) proved to be successful in improving motor functions without severe outcomes and there is a great potential that in future it will be used for decreasing neurodegeneration. With DBS, there are several approaches that are currently in clinical trials and hopefully they will be introduced as disease-modifying treatment in the future.