Title AAV vector based neonatal desensitization for the assessment of cell-replacement therapy for Parkinson’s disease
Title (croatian) Neonatalna desenzibilizacija u istraživanju transplantacijske terapije za Parkinsonovu bolest bazirana na AAV vektorima
Author Iva Pavičić
Mentor Andreas Heuer (mentor)
Mentor Jelena Ban (komentor)
Committee member Andreas Heuer (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Rozi Andretić Waldowski (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Jelena Ban (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Igor Jurak (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Rijeka (Faculty of Biotechnology and Drug Development) Rijeka
Defense date and country 2021-09-14, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES Biotechnology Molecular Biotechnology
Abstract With over ten million diagnoses worldwide, Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. The disease is characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), expressed through the various motor and non-motor symptoms. One of the most promising therapies for PD is cell – replacement therapy. The first clinical trials for cell-replacement therapy were in the 1980s and they involved the transplantation of foetal tissue rich in dopaminergic neurons to patients with an advanced type of the disease. Nowadays, Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs) are used in transplantation therapy for PD and several other degenerative diseases. Nevertheless, this approach has a major drawback. The preclinical safety assessment of hESCs comprises of the in vivo experiments on animals, which includes transplantation of xenografts and strong activation of the host’s immune system. To surpass this problem immune-incompetent or immune-suppressed animals are used. Though the suppression of the host’s immune system is a viable approach, it is not sustainable for the long-term assessment of treatment with hESCs. Neonatal desensitization is the third method that can be used in the evaluation of hESC for cell-replacement therapy in PD. The principle of neonatal desensitization is based on the presentation of the human antigens (by injection of cell suspension) to the host´s immune system in the early stages of its development (e.g., up to 5 days after birth in rats). After the desensitization, the host’s immune system is ’’tricked’’ and the engrafting with the same cell type results in the integration and acceptation of the xenotransplant. However, the problem of this approach is that the differentiation of the cells used for desensitisation must be timely matched to the birth of the recipients. Therefore, we propose a new approach for desensitization based on the overexpression of surface antigens present on
the H9 hESC line via adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors. We have successfully identified the surface antigens present on the H9 hESC line. Also, we have confirmed that by using cytomegalovirus (CMV) beta-actin (CBA) promoter we can accomplish viral expression in 5 days. Finally, we have successfully created a library of AAV vectors expressing HLA class I molecules found on the H9 hESC line.
Abstract (croatian) Parkinsonova bolest (PD) je druga najčešća neurodegenerativna bolest, koja zahvaća više od 10 miljuna pacijenata diljem svijeta. Glavna karakteristika bolesti je progresivan gubitak dopaminergičkih neurona u substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) regiji, koji se očituje kroz specifične motoričke i nemotoričke simptome. Jedna od terapija za PD je I transplatacijska terapija kojom se nadomješta gubitak dopaminergičkih neurona. Prva klinička ispitivanja za transplantacijsku terapiju uključivala su transplantaciju fetalnog tkiva, bogatog dopaminergičkim neuronima, kod pacijenta s uznapredovalim stadijom bolesti. Danas se u transplantacijskoj terapiji za PD koriste embrionalne matične stanice (eng. hESC). Ipak, korištenje matičnih stanica u transplantacijskoj terapiji ima i svoje nedostatke. Pretklinička istraživanja o sigurnosti transplantacijske terapije s matičnim stanicama sastoje se od in vivo pokusa na životinjama, što uključuje transplantaciju ksenografta i snažnu aktivaciju imunološkog sustava domaćina. Kao rješenje ovog problema, u trenutnim istraživanjima koriste se imunodifiencijentne ili framakološki imunološki potisnute životinje. Iako je supresija imunološkog sustava domaćina održiv pristup u kratkoročnom periodu, dugoročna analiza nije moguća. Kao treće rješenje predstavlja se desenzibilizacija mladunaca životinja, koja se pokazala kao valjana metoda dugoročne analize u transplantacijskoj terapiji. Načelo neonatalne desenzibilizacije temelji se na prezentaciji ljudskih antigena (injekcijom stanične suspenzije) imunološkom sustavu domaćina u ranim fazama njegova razvoja (npr. do 5 dana nakon rođenja kod štakora). Nakon desenzibilizacije imunološki sustav domaćina je prilagođen, te transplantacija istog tipa stanica rezultira integracijom i prihvaćanjem ksenotransplantata. Međutim, problem ovog pristupa je što se diferencijacija stanica korištenih za desenzibilizaciju, mora pravodobno uskladiti s rođenjem primatelja. Stoga predlažemo novi pristup
desenzibilizaciji, koji se temelji na prekomjernoj ekspresiji površinskih antigena prisutnih na liniji H9 embrijonalnoj matičnoj liniji koristeći adeno-povezane virusne (AAV) vektore. U našem istraživanju uspješno smo identificirali površinske antigene prisutne na H9 staničnoj liniji. Također smo potvrdili da upotrebom promotora citomegalovirusa (CMV) beta-aktina (CBA) možemo postići virusnu ekspresiju u 5 dana. Konačno, uspješno smo stvorili biblioteku AAV vektora koji izražavaju molekule HLA I razreda, pristutne na H9 staničnoj liniji.
Keywords
Parkinson’s disease (PD)
cell-replacement therapy
neonatal desensitization
AAV vector
H9 hESC line
HLA class I molecules
Keywords (croatian)
Parkinsonova bolest (PD)
transplantacijska terapija
neonatalna desenzibilizacija
AAV vektor
H9 stanična linija
molekule HLA I razreda
Language english
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:193:454897
Study programme Title: Drug research and development Study programme type: university Study level: graduate Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra istraživanja i razvoja lijekova (magistar/magistra istraživanja i razvoja lijekova)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access Embargo expiration date: 2023-10-01
Terms of use
Public note Master's thesis project was conducted at Lund University, Sweden, as a part of Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory (BNL).
Created on 2021-09-16 10:13:07