Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the most common form of malignant disease in the head and neck region characterized by the frequent occurrence of metastases in the neck lymph nodes early in the disease progression. This form of cancer is characterised with numerous genetic abnormalities and changes in expression levels of proteins and glycoproteins associated with the process of carcinogenesis. Despite numerous findings molecular mechanism of metastatic disease has not yet been fully elucidated. In addition, there is increasing evidence that abnormal expression and glycosylation of proteins result of initial malignant transformation of cells, and aberrant glycosylation is one of the key events in the invasion and metastasis of many malignant diseases. In addition, there is increasing evidence indicating that abnormal expression and glycosylation of proteins is a result of cellular initial malignant transformation, and aberrant glycosylation is one of the key events in the invasion and metastasis of many malignant diseases. To identify novel protein markers which would further elucidate the pathogenesis of the metastatic disease and that could be also used as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, the global differential proteomic profiling of primary metastatic tumour and matched tumour non-affected tissues was performed. For proteomic profiling the method of mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography and subsequent bioinformatic analysis was applied. A total number of 289 differentially expressed proteins were identified in metastatic tumors and selected protein markers were further validated by Western blot and 2D-imunoblot method. Potential protein biomarkers Ladinin-1, monocyte differentiation antigen CD-14, lumican, alpha-tubulin 4A chain TUBA4A, afamin and their associated cellular signaling pathways such as CD44-1 integrin induced macrophage migration inhibitory factor MIF and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway, were for the first time to our knowledge specifically determined in metastatic LSCC. Furthermore, in all analysed primary tumor tissue samples the expression of polysialylated neural cell molecule (PSANCAM), an oncofetal glycoprotein antigen previously associated with pathogenesis and metastatic dissemination of highly malignant diseases, was determined by immunohistochemical analysis. The impact of PSA-NCAM expression on the cellular signaling cascades involved in maintainance of normal mucosa tissue homeostasis was negative, which indicates that the expression of PSA-NCAM contribute to the initial stages of malignant transformation in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.