Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder typically accompanied by a combination of positive and negative symptoms as well as cognitive impairment. The cause of its development is not yet known but studies suggest that genes and environmental factors play a part in its manifestation. Cannabis is one of the things that has been connected to a higher risk of schizophrenia development. While some evidence suggests cannabis has a causal role in the disorder developing, other sources claim that it affects only genetically predisposed individuals. There is a third theory which states that cannabis use has an impact in the progression of schizophrenia while its usage is more prevalent in those genetically predisposed to schizophrenia. This thesis presents studies that have researched these hypotheses as well as cannabis itself and its compounds. Additionally, it considers the ethical and societal implications of cannabis legalization, particularly in relation to schizophrenia. These theories altogether suggest a complex interaction where cannabis may act as a catalyst in genetically susceptible individuals while potentially exacerbating the disorder in those already affected. This thesis gives a better understanding of the intricate link between cannabis and schizophrenia which is of great importance for public health policies.